System of electrical distribution and regulation.



PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

W. A. TURBAYNE.

SYSTEM' 0F ELECTRIGAL DISTRIBUTION AND REGULATION.

APPLIOATION FILED sEPT.15. 1904.

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UNITED' STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. .TURBAYNE OF LANCASTER, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR -TOGOULD'l COUPLER COMPANY, oF NEW YORK, N. Y. l

SYSTEM OF `ELEcTFnCAL Specification bf Letters Patent. u

Patented April 9, 1907.

Application filed September 15, 1904. Serial No. 224505. I

State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems of Electrical Distribution and Regulation, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to electric-lightingv io systems in which the generating-dynamo is subject to wide variations of speed and is liable to have its direction of rotation reversedas, for instance, in' railway-car lighting systems in which the dynamo is driven from r 5 one of the car-axles.

My ap lication forUnited States Letters Patent, erial No. 213,983, led June 24, 1904, discloses such a system, which is provided with automatic regulating means for zo generating a substantially constant current' irrespective of the speed with which the (lynemo-armature is driven and for delivering the current always in the same direction in Whatever direction the armature of the dyz 5 namo may be rotated. In' the system described in my said application the field-magnet of the main o r generating dynamo is excited by an exciter-dynamo, which is driven with a variables ed, increasing upon a decrease of speed o the generator-dynamo and decreasing upon an increase of speed of the generator-dynamo, by a motor whose fieldmagnet is energized from an auxiliary dynamo the armature of which is subject to the same changes in speed anddirection of rotation as the armature of the generating-dynasystem and is charged fom'the main generator and supplies current to the work-circuit 4o when the car is not in motion or is running` so slowly that the generator does not pro- Inthis system, as fully explained in my said a plication, it is possible by the use of smal and light machines to maintain a practically constant output of they main generator under a very wide range of speed variations thereof, and the generator output is ,also automatically varied in an inverse sense to the changes of 5o electromotive force of the battery due to .charging and discharging.

The object of the present invention is to providel such systems with means whereby, 1n addition to the regulation of the generator .ture o A storage. battery is employed in thisl output against speed changes ofthe main generator and inaccordance with the needs of the battery, the generator excitation and consequently its output are also increased or decreasedv as lamp or other load is added to or removed from the work-circuit. A

The accom anyin drawingillustrates diagrammaticallly an e ectrical system of distribution embodying the invention as applied, for example, to a railroad-car lighting system.

A re resents the main generator the armafp which is driven at varying speeds and may at times be driven in opposite directions, as is the casewhen the generator is driven from a car-axle.

B represents the incandescent lamps or other translating devices connected across the work-circuit b b', and B the st'orage battery connected across the generator-circuit.

C represents the auxiliary dynamo, whose armature is subject to the same variations in speed and direction as that of the main gen-- erator. This auxiliary dynamo may have its armature mounted on the saine shaft a upon which the armature of the main generator is mounted and which is rotated from the caraxle by a belt a. and pulley a2, or other suitable means.

D represents the motor, and E the exciterdynamo whose armature is driven bythe motor and which excites the field-magnet of the main generator. The field-windings Dl of the. motor D are connected lacross the,

brushes of the auxiliary dynamo O by conductors c c and areenergized by the current produced by said dynamo. The field-windings C of the auxiliary dynamo C are preferablyfed directly from the battery, as by conductors c2 c, and are subject tothe variable voltage of the' battery'as determined b its condition ofcharge, or they may be fed om a constant source.

The field-magnet of the exciter-dynamo E has a winding E', which is connected in shunt across the work-circuit, as by conductors e e and a second winding E, which acts cumulatively with the other winding E and is connected 4in, series with the armature of the motor D across the workcircuit, as by the conductors e e2 e. These field-windings of the exciter-dynamo and the armature of the motor can be connected to any other practically constant source, and the field-windings lOO of the auxiliary dynamo may connect with other sources of constant or variable voltage with like results. y F represents the automatic switch for connecting the armaturey of the motor and the field-winding E2 of the exciter-dynamo, which is connected with the motor-armature in circuit when the train and the main generator attain a predetermined speed.

battery and work circuit when -a predetermined electromotive force across the main generator is produced H represents any suitable automatic means for maintaining a constant electromotive force across the work-circuit.

The exciter-dynamo will revolve at the maximum speed with the maximum ield excitation and will excite the field-magnet of the main generator to its maximum value at the slowest speed of the generator for which the system is ad'usted, which results in the maingenerator rnishing its full output at such low train speed. To make possible the use of a comparatively light generator, it is essential that the magnetic circuits thereof be Worked .at high magnetic densities at low speeds, which densities of course will decrease as the speed rises, and in order to compensate for these variations in density of the iron the field excitation of the generator is decreased in greater proportion than the speed increase thereof, while decrease of speed will be accompanied by an increase in excitation in greater ratio than such speed decrease. The rise and fall of the battery electromotive force' accompanying the charging and discharging processes will cause a corresponding rise and fall of electromotive force across the brushes of the auxiliary dynamo, which rise and fall, like the rise and fall due to speed increase and decrease, will act through the exciter apparatus to cut downor increase the excitation of the main generator, and therefore cause a variation of the output of the latter in greater proportion than the increase or decrease of the battery-voltage.

In addition to the field-windings E and E2 of the exciter-dynamo, which are disclosed in my said application, the field-magnet of said exciter-dynamo is provided 'with a coarse- Iwire winding E3 in series with the work-circuit, which acts cumulatively with the other two windings E E2. When the lamps or other translating devices are cut out and the wci.kcircuit is idle, the series winding E3 has no effect upon the exciter apparatus, and this-winding also has a minimum eect when When the lamps are cut in, the current passes throu hand energizes the series coil E3, and the eflect of the latter on the field-magnet of the exciter-dynamo varies proportionately to thel strength of the current in the `work-cir- G represents the automatic switch for similarly connecting the maingenerator into the the generator is running at a slow speed.

cuit as determined by the number of lamps added thereto. The series winding E3 acts to increase the field excitation and output of the main generator when load is added to the work-circuit, as by lighting the lamps, and acts likewise to decrease the output of the main generator when load is taken off of the work-circuit, as by cutting out the lamps, so that in additionY to and irrespective of the regulation provided for in the system described in my former application the present system operates to regulate the output of the main generator according to the needs of the work-circuit as determined by the amountlgof work which the latter is called on to perform. While the improvement is described and shown in this application in connection with a system in Which the field-magnet of the exciter-dynamo has the two other windings E and E2, it will be understood that the series windin E3 is also applicable to a system suchl as s own in my United-States Letters Patent No. 757,695, granted April 19, 1904, in which the field-magnet of the exciter-dynamo is not provided with the windin E2 in series with the motor-armature.

claim as my invention- 1. Thecombination of a main generator, and an exciter apparatus therefor whose electromotive force varies in an `inverse sense to but in greater proportion than the changes in speed of the main generator and also in a direct sense to changes in load on the work-circuit, substantially as set forth.

' 2. The combination of a main generator, an exciter apparatus therefor, a Work-circuit, and means for changing the electromotive force of the exciter apparatus inversely with but in greater proportion than the speed changes of the mam generator and IOO in proportion to changes in the load on said work-circuit, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of a main generator, an exciter apparatus theref'or, a storage battery connected with the main generator, a work-circuit, and means for -varying the electromotive force of the exciter apparatus in an inverse sense to changes in the electromotive force of the battery and in a direct sense to changes in the load on the workcircuit, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a main generator, an exciter apparatus therefor, a storage battery 'connected with the main generator, a work-circuit, and means for varying the electromotive force of the exciter apparatus in an inverse sense to changes in the speed of the generator and in the electromotive force of the battery and in a direct sense to changes in the loadon the work-circuit,sub stantially as set forth.

5. The combination of a main generator,

a work-circuit, an exciter-dynamo for said generator having a field-winding for changing the electromotive force of the exciterdynamo in direet relation to changes in load on the Work-circuit, and means for changing the eleetromotive force of the exciter-dynamo in an inverse sense to changes in speed of the main generator, substantially as set forth.`

6. The combination of a main generator, a Work-circuit, an exciter-dynamo for said generator havin a field-Winding in series with said Work-circuit for changing the eleo tromotive force of the exciter-dynamoin direct relation to Changes in load on the Work-circuit, and means for changing the electromotive force of the exciter-dynamo in an ,inverse sense to changes in speed of the main generator, substantially as set forth.l

7. The combination of a main generator, a Work-circuit, a motor, and an exciter-dynamo for said generator, which dynamo is driven by said motor and which is provided with a field-winding in series with the Workl circuit, and with another ield-Winding-in series/With the armature of said motor, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination of a main generator, a Work-circuit, a motor, and an .exciter-dynamo for said generator, which dynamo is driven by said motor and Which is rovided with a field-Winding in series With t e Workoireuit, a field-Winding in series with the armature of saidy motor, and a' ield-Winding in shunt across the Workfcireuit, substantially l as set forth.-

Witness my hand this 8th day of September, 1904. ,Y

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE.

Witnesses:

CHAs. W. PARKER, EDWARD C. HARD. 

